Introduction to the Inner Sphere during the Blackout
Life in the Inner Sphere during the Blackout
Excerpt taken from Sandhurst Academy, Terra
The Inner Sphere was hit hard by the Blackout and Conrad’s attacks. Whole worlds teetered on the edge of oblivion, some simply disappearing off the map – lost to disease, famine, war or their native environment. Others actually prospered – albeit in limited ways, and became new centers of power in the Inner Sphere. Today, the Inner Sphere is a radically different place compared to the dusty holovids of the Star League shown in classrooms throughout the Protectorate. While civilization continues to survive and thrive, both here and throughout the worlds closest to Terra, not every human is so fortunate to enjoy the same quality of life. Here is a brief introduction to the innumerable worlds of man and what you may find during your journey through the stars.
Government
Since mankind first left the trees to dwell on the ground he has worked to control his surroundings. Whether it was changing the course of a river, clearing a forest or terraforming a barren planet, man has changed the landscape to suite his needs. This desire for mastery extends far beyond his surroundings, but also to his fellow man. Without exception, this desire to dominate and govern other men has driven humanity to great heights and terrible lows. It has taken humanity to the stars and almost destroyed him there. Through order or through chaos, the governing and dominance of man remains humanity’s best hope and worst accompaniment as the history of our species marches on.
Throughout the ages humanity has developed and implemented a variety of governing bodies; from simple tribal councils to bureaucratic nightmares of mammoth proportions. Below is a basic description of some of the more common governing bodies in use throughout the Inner Sphere. Travelers take note; local planetary governments may vary considerably. Be sure to research the local laws and customs of your destination before visiting. While some planets may follow the greater laws of their interstellar nation – if any apply – many have modifications or amendments that are readily enforced.
Remember, a good traveler is a knowledgeable and respectful guest.
Dictatorship
A government ruled by a single leader who has not been elected and may use force to keep control. In a military dictatorship, the army is in control. Usually, there is little or no attention to public opinion or individual rights. There are many worlds in the Inner Sphere under the defacto control of a dictator, or a dictator-like individual. Depending on the nation or world in question, many Planetary Governors have dictatorial powers and answer only to individual or individuals above their station. The Sheiks of the Al Hillah Emirates and the Warlords of the Warrior Fiefdoms are all examples of dictatorships. The once Great Houses of the Inner Sphere are all nominal dictatorships, though some political scientists will argue they were monarchies.
Totalitarian
The rule by a single political party, a totalitarian government revolves around a group of people who are forced to do what the government tells them. Citizens are allowed and 'encouraged' to vote, but only for the government's chosen candidates. Totalitarian governments in the Inner Sphere are fairly rare, with only a small number lasting more than a few decades. Ultimately, internal pressures, greed or the power of the proletariat leads to a ruling party’s demise. It should be noted that some of the Inner Sphere’s longest lasting dictatorships or monarchies once started out at totalitarian party governments that fell to a single ruler.
Theocracy
A theocratic form of government is where the rulers claim to be ruling on behalf of a set of religious ideas, or as direct agents of a specific deity. It was the dangerous dogmatic theocracy of Toyama’s Order sect that almost brought ComStar and the Inner Sphere to its knees. This viper, clutched to the breast of the HPG network was perhaps the worst example of its kind. Other more benevolent theocracies are the One Star Faith enclaves of the Periphery and the Omniss of the Outworlds Alliance.
Monarchy
A monarchy has a king, Archon, First Prince, Chancellor, or Coordinator who sometimes has absolute power. Power is passed along through the family. Since the time of House Cameron and the vaunted Terran Hegemony, most of the great nations of the Inner Sphere, both large and small have been led by monarchies. It was the monarchs of the Great Houses that brought the Inner Sphere together beneath the aegis of the Star League and it was those same Houses who tore it apart. Today there are more monarchs in known space than any other form of government. Less notable examples of Inner Sphere monarchies are House David of the Kingdom of Zion and the many duchies of the former Free Worlds League.
Parliamentary
A parliamentary system of government is one led by representatives of the people. Each is chosen as a member of a political party and remains in power as long as his/her party does. Parliamentary-only governments are rare in the Inner Sphere and Periphery. However, many governments include parliamentary components in their composition. For example, the Lyran Commonwealth still includes a parliament in the form of its Estates General, as do many of the former states that once comprised the Free Worlds League. Depending on the host government, parliamentary components may have varying degrees of power.
Republic
A republic is led by elected representatives of the voters, with each representative individually chosen for a set period of time. Republic governments are represented in some part by many planetary governments whose elected leader is sometimes a part of a national parliamentary body. Many worlds from the former Federated Suns and Free Worlds League enjoy republic-style governments, but some can be found sprinkled throughout known space.
Anarchy
Anarchy is a situation where there is no government. This can happen after a civil war in a country, when a government has been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its place. During the early period of the Blackout many worlds and even whole nations fell into anarchy. Today, there are few worlds without some form of stable or semi-stable government. However, war, conflict or massive environmental disaster could create anarchy on any planet affected.
Oligarchy/Plutocracy
A form of government that consists of rule by an elite group who rule in their own interest, this form of government is especially concerned with the accumulation of wealth and privilege. Only certain members of society have a valid voice in the government. This can reflect (but is not limited to) economic interests, a particular religious tradition (theocracy), or familial rule (monarchy). Some of the ex-Capellan states enjoy this type of government, but they are far and few between.
Democracy
In a democracy, the people elect the government. Everyone who is eligible to vote - which is a majority of the population - has a chance to have their say over who runs the country. Democratic governments do exist on the planetary scale, but are often abandoned at the interstellar level in favor of more streamlined or concentrated government styles. A notable example of a democracy being instituted and utilized at the interstellar level is the governing body of the Kendall Parish. While applauded for their emphasis on the rights and say of their citizenry, the Parish government is ineffectual and over burdened by its electorate.
Currencies
The topic of currencies and economics is one that is often addressed in some basic form during every school child’s educational instruction. Still, a refresher course is often necessary to jog those nubile young minds of yours, and to help shake the cobwebs free from your brains. Upon graduation many of you will take your place out among the stars, or work in the (Insert ComStar Department Here). So if you want to keep your job, pay attention. Knowing how to buy a cup of coffee might come in handy, and one day it might even save your life.
The Germanium Standard
The Star League currency was based on the Germanium standard. Germanium, as a superconductor, medicinal remedy, and a primary ingredient in early K-F Jump Drives, was and is a valued rarity. Similar to ancient gold standards (rendered obsolete on an Intersellar scale by the proliferation of gold sources), a Star League bill could theoretically be exchanged for a given amount of Germanium. This was just in theory of course. No member-state or individual actually attempted an exchange.
The Amaris Coup ruined the Star League’s integrated economy and currency exchange. The Usurper sacked mints, raided Star League Germanium depots in the Hegemony and generally just ruined a very good system of commerce. By the beginning of the First Succession War, each House was printing their own version of currency, backed by their own supplies of Germanium.
At first, the Germanium standard was universally followed. Later, as the devastation of the First Succession War wore on, Houses that were still capable, abandoned the Germanium standard. This was due in part to a dwindling stockpile of the resource, but also because the House economies were so wrecked, inflation skyrocketed. Soon, water supplies and other resources backed House bills, but it is more realistic to say that the value of these bills fluctuates with the fortunes of the backing House.
After the Blackout, House bills often varied not just by the currency’s backer, but also by the script producer. With so many new interstellar nations coming into existence during the 30th century, the number of currencies available skyrocketed.
Planetary Currencies
Individual planets often print their own currency for local use. Some developed planets are stable enough to be able to print notes against the good faith and credit of their local governments or ruling noble house. Most, however, back their bills with some local resource in order to give their script some off world legitimacy. Typically, though, local script is referred to derisively as "toilet paper" and such. Several planets refuse to accept off world currency in day-to-day dealings, and often the planet profits from the forced conversion to local script.
Trading and speculation on currency is usually a fairly unstable affair. Still, an aggressive individual can make a profit off of those wide fluctuations, but such a volatile market carries extreme risk. The cautious investor diversifies his assets between various currencies, or in valued resources and commodities.
ComStar Bills
The most commonly accepted currency in the Inner Sphere by far is our Comstar Bill (symbol: CB or C-Bill). While large nation or House currencies are based on the good faith and credit of the ruling House, the C-Bill is based on the cost of a 1 millisecond Hyperpulse Generator message (approximately 2 pages of text or 1 small picture.) Decimal amounts are used in electronic transfers, stock prices, banking and other economic transactions. Even with the fall of the HPG network, the C-Bill standard is still imposed by the corporation. We simply use JumpShips instead of HPGs to transport messages.
Coins exist, called demis, and before the Blackout were found only on ComStar administered worlds, like Terra. Since the blackout however, physical currency is now the standard and ComStar bills are found throughout the Inner Sphere as the medium of off world trade and exchange - especially on poor independent worlds. Most change is handled in local currency. Paper notes are printed on Terra using a hard wearing but flexible plastic. They come in 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 C-Bill denominations. The bills depict the ComStar symbol and pictures of various monuments on Terra. Almost 32% of all currency in circulation in the Inner Sphere is found in C-Bills.
The Eagle
For all its internal divisions the former Free Worlds League had always had a strong economy. Its currency, once known as the Eagle (symbol: E or M-bill), reflected this. Since the collapse of the HPG network only the Marik Commonwealth continues to use the old currency whereas other proto-League nations of the once mighty Free Worlds League print their own local variant of the original money. Though other denominations exist, the most common coins of the M-Bill include 1, 5, 10 and 25 cent pieces (usually copper alloy) and 50 cent and 1 eagle pieces (silver alloy). The most common notes are 1, 5, 10 and 20 eagle bills – though denominations up to 1 million eagles do exist (most of these were printed during the height of the First Succession War when M-Bills were worth less than the cost of the note’s actual physical material.)
The Yuan
The Capellan yuan (symbol: Y or L-bill) is still used by the fractured Capellan Confederation, St. Ives Compact and in the tumultuous Warrior Fiefdoms. Even the Sarna Commonalty has been known to dabble in the printing of L-Bills, ostensibly to under cut the already weakened value of their hated neighbors. Only the Sarna Commonality produces a different, local type of currency. Each ex-Capellan state produces their version of the yuan and refuses to accept any other. As a result, C-Bills and hard commodities feature prominently in what little off world trading that does occur in Capellan space. Coins dominate the convoluted Capellan-inspired monetary system. Each yuan is divided into 10 jiao and each jiao into 10 fen. Coins exist in 1, 2 and 5 fen denominations (copper alloy); 1, 2 and 5 jiao (silver alloy); and 1, 5, 10 and 50 yuan denominations (gold alloy). All Capellan coins have a hole bored through the center, allowing them to be carried on money strings. Notes also exist in 10, 50, 100 and 1,000 yuan denominations, but they are considerably less common than coins. Bank notes are virtually non-existent in the Warrior Fiefdoms. Depending on the area of space, trade is either conducted in barter or through coin exchange. Very few of the area’s warlords care to foster a market system of any type and simply take what they need from their peasant castes.
The Pound
The Federated Suns continues to use the pound (symbol: £ or D-bill). Each pound is subdivided into 100 pence; through some Francophone regions of the Federated Suns use the term "centime" instead. Coins exist in 1, 2, 5 and 10 pence denominations (aluminum) and 20 and 50 pence (silver alloy). Each coin bears the First Prince's head on one side and the Davion insignia on the other. Notes exist for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000-pound denominations. The material used for these notes is usually a hardwearing but flexible plastic produced on New Avalon.
The Crown
The official money of the Capellan Marches, the crown or koruna (symbol: KC-bill) is subdivided into 100 hellers, abbreviated as hal. Coins exist in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 KC. Each coin is made from stamped aluminum and is rarely used in the Marches. Notes however, are very popular in the Marches and are the second most popular currency next to the C-Bill. Notes are printed in flexible plastic in 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 koruna denominations.
The Shekel
When the Draconis March claimed its independence from the Davion crown one of the first official changes to the new nation, besides changing its name to the Robinson Freehold, was the creation of a new state currency. Named the Shekel (symbol: RF-Bill) is subdivided into 100 agorot. Coins exist in 10, 20, and 50 agorot as well as 1, 5, and 10 shekels. Coins are stamped from locally approved materials and exhibit quite a bit of variation in composition, although the common copper alloy seems to be the most prevalent by far. Shekel notes are available in 20, 50, 100, and 200 shekel denominations. These notes are minted on Robinson and are made of paper. As a result, counterfeit shekel notes are a constant problem in the Robinson Freehold and are mass-produced by the Freehold’s underworld and foreign enemies alike. Each denomination is distinguished by color and size, with larger notes having greater value. One side shows the Freehold insignia and the image of the First Duke, while the other shows famous historical figures from Robinson’s past.
The Kroner
The currency of the Lyran Commonwealth is still the kroner (symbol: K or S-bill). Each kroner is subdivided into 100 pfennigs. Most major transactions were once carried out electronically, but notes and coins have become common since the fall of the HPG network. Coins exist in 1, 5 and 10 pfennig denominations, made of copper alloy; 25 and 50 pfennig, made of silver alloy; and 1 and 5 kroner, of gold alloy. All coins are minted on Tharkad, with the Steiner emblem on one side and the Archon's image on the other. Paper notes exist for 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 10,000 kroner, all of which are color-coded and readily distinguishable. One side of each note bears the Archon's image and the Steiner insignia, while the other depicts a famous scene from Lyran history.
Of all the old major House currencies, the kroner has certainly suffered the worst. The Succession Wars took a terrible toll on the once robust economy of the Lyran Commonwealth, with the kroner’s strength a shadow of its former self. Since the Blackout economists have often debated what was worse for the Commonwealth – the Blackout or the Archon. While the blackout was destructive across the entire Inner Sphere, it has been argued that it was the Archon’s draconian economic directives before the fall of the network that caused most of the Commonwealth’s troubles. In fact, most of the worlds Tharkad lost during the Blackout stem primarily from economic reasons rather than a division in ideology or communication.
The Ryu
The Draconis Combine's economy has been a mess for over a century and consequently the value of Combine’s ryu (symbol: D or K-bill) is virtually worthless. Each ryu is divided into 100 yen. The Combine government is constantly changing the composition of its currency, probably in an effort to confuse traders and the Combine’s remaining nobility. At the time of the last revision, the denominations were 1, 5, 20 and 30 yen coins (copper alloy); 50 yen, and 1 ryu and 5 ryu coins (silver alloy); and 10, 20, 50, 100 and 500 ryu notes. The 1,000 and 10,000 ryu notes used before 3025 are rare, but they remain legal tender in the Combine. Each of the Combine’s reorganized prefectures mint their own coins and notes, but there is little difference among them beyond the name of the mint, which is still embossed on the edge of coins or as a watermark on notes.
Currency in the Alliance of Galedon remains oddly similar to that of the Combine, despite a professed disgust for anything associated with the Dragon. While the Alliance’s economy is in better shape than the Combine’s, ComStar’s C-Bills are still more popular than domestic script. Other areas once conquered by the Combine operate very differently. In the unstable Benjamin Prefectures no one type of currency holds sway, instead the self-styled dictators of the region trade in whatever material they deem of value. Elsewhere the Trolloc Dominion trades strictly in gold coins or bullion. In one of the most disputed areas of space, currency often fluctuates with a planet’s tide.